Results for 'John R. Whitney'

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  1.  30
    Crop diversity in homegardens of southwest Uganda and its importance for rural livelihoods.Cory W. Whitney, Eike Luedeling, John R. S. Tabuti, Antonia Nyamukuru, Oliver Hensel, Jens Gebauer & Katja Kehlenbeck - 2018 - Agriculture and Human Values 35 (2):399-424.
    Homegardens are traditional food systems that have been adapted over generations to fit local cultural and ecological conditions. They provide a year-round diversity of nutritious foods for smallholder farming communities in many regions of the tropics and subtropics. In southwestern Uganda, homegardens are the primary source of food, providing a diverse diet for rural marginalized poor. However, national agricultural development plans as well as economic and social pressures threaten the functioning of these homegardens. The implications of these threats are difficult (...)
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  2.  29
    John Muir and the origin of Yosemite Valley.Dennis R. Dean - 1991 - Annals of Science 48 (5):453-485.
    Though virtually unknown before 1851, the exceptionally scenic Yosemite Valley of California soon attracted continuing attention as a geological anomaly. J. D. Whitney, state geologist and Harvard professor, advocated a tectonic theory of its origin. Despite its seemingly official status, Whitney's theory even failed to convince some of his own subordinates. An unexpectedly effective dissenter not associated with Whitney was John Muir, then a tatterdemalion vagrant. Though the two men never met, conflict between their inflexible and (...)
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  3.  29
    The Inner Chapters of the "Zhuangzi": With Copious Annotations from the Chinese Commentaries (Lun Wen - Studien Zur Geistesgeschichte Und Literatur in China, 27).John R. Williams & Christoph Harbsmeier - 2024 - Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.
    This book is the first interlinear bilingual edition of the core Inner Chapters of the book Zhuangzi, which must be counted among the most famous texts in Chinese intellectual and literary history. A special feature of this edition is that it follows the specific rhythm and rhyme of the text in the translation, making it possible to experience the particular style of this most exciting of the ancient Chinese philosophers. -/- An extensive introduction explains the history and the literary nature (...)
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  4. A Taxonomy of Illocutionary Acts.John R. Searle - 1975 - In K. Gunderson, Language, Mind and Knowledge. University of Minnesota Press. pp. 344-369.
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  5.  49
    On Painting.Leon Battista Alberti, John R. Spencer, Leonardo da Vinci & A. Philip Mcmahon - 1956 - Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 15 (4):488-489.
  6.  51
    The “God Module” and the Complexifying Brain.Carol Rausch Albright, John R. Albright, Jensine Andresen, Robert W. Bertram, David M. Byers, Anna Case-Winters, Michael Cavanaugh, Philip Clayton, Gerald A. Cory Jr & Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi - 2000 - Zygon 35 (4):735-744.
    Recent reports of the discovery of a “God module” in the human brain derive from the fact that epileptic seizures in the left temporal lobe are associated with ecstatic feelings sometimes described as an experience of the presence of God. The brain area involved has been described as either (a) the seat of an innate human faculty for experiencing the divine or (b) the seat of religious delusions.In fact, religious experience is extremely various and involves many parts of the brain, (...)
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  7. Using illusory line motion to differentiate misrepresentation (stalinesque) and misremembering (orwellian) accounts of consciousness.John Barresi & John R. Christie - 2002 - Consciousness and Cognition 11 (2):347-365.
    It has been suggested that the difference between misremembering (Orwellian) and misrepresentation (Stalinesque) models of consciousness cannot be differentiated (Dennett, 1991). According to an Orwellian account a briefly presented stimulus is seen and then forgotten; whereas, by a Stalinesque account it is never seen. At the same time, Dennett suggested a method for assessing whether an individual is conscious of something. An experiment was conducted which used the suggested method for assessing consciousness to look at Stalinesque and Orwellian distinctions. A (...)
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  8.  26
    A retinal excitation gradient in a uniform area of stimulation.Lawrence Kruger & John R. Boname - 1955 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 49 (3):220.
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  9.  78
    The Distance Between Classical and Quantum Systems.Deanna Abernethy & John R. Klauder - 2005 - Foundations of Physics 35 (5):881-895.
    In a recent paper, a “distance” function, $\cal D$ , was defined which measures the distance between pure classical and quantum systems. In this work, we present a new definition of a “distance”, D, which measures the distance between either pure or impure classical and quantum states. We also compare the new distance formula with the previous formula, when the latter is applicable. To illustrate these distances, we have used 2 × 2 matrix examples and two-dimensional vectors for simplicity and (...)
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  10. Singular Analogy and Quantitative Inductive Logics.John R. Welch - 1999 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 14 (2):207-247.
    The paper explores the handling of singular analogy in quantitative inductive logics. It concentrates on two analogical patterns coextensive with the traditional argument from analogy: perfect and imperfect analogy. Each is examined within Carnap’s λ-continuum, Carnap’s and Stegmüller’s λ-η continuum, Carnap’s Basic System, Hintikka’s α-λ continuum, and Hintikka’s and Niiniluoto’s K-dimensional system. Itis argued that these logics handle perfect analogies with ease, and that imperfect analogies, while unmanageable in some logics, are quite manageable in others. The paper concludes with a (...)
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  11.  12
    Seneca, a Critical Bibliography, 1900-1980: Scholarship on His Life, Thought, Prose, and Influence.Anna Lydia Motto & John R. Clark - 1989 - Adolf m Hakkert.
  12.  13
    Science, Art, and Communication.Carlton Culmsee & John R. Pierce - 1969 - Journal of Aesthetic Education 3 (2):173.
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  13.  29
    Zhuang Zi and the “Greatest Joyousness”: Wang Fuzhi’s Approach.John R. Williams - 2023 - Comparative Philosophy 14 (2).
    The present article presents Wang Fuzhi 王夫之 (1619-1692 C.E.)’s reading of the eighteenth chapter of the Zhuang-Zi 莊子 (ZZ) by looking at his entry from Zhuang-Zi-Tong 莊子通 and other key glosses from Zhuang-Zi-Jie 莊子解. The philosophical upshot, I aim to show, is that Wang takes ZZ as presenting the consummation of “the greatest joyousness” (zhi-le 至樂) as requiring getting rid of joyousness as one’s desideratum. Using Derek Parfit’s work as a point of reference, I aim to show that this is (...)
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  14.  11
    The Role of the Modern Corporation in a Free Society.John R. Danley - 1994
    Deals with one of the most critical business issues of the century, the question of corporate responsibility. The author reconstructs and critically evaluates the arguments for the maximisation of profits, versus those to be found in the broader context of increased social responsibility.
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  15.  20
    Effects of reinforcement duration and ratio size on discrete-trials FR responding.Stephen C. Bitgood & John R. Platt - 1973 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 1 (6):409-411.
  16.  45
    Political distinctions and education.Joe R. Burnett & John R. Palmer - 1968 - Studies in Philosophy and Education 6 (3):302-309.
  17.  13
    Edom and the Edomites.D. Bruce MacKay & John R. Bartlett - 1992 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 112 (3):543.
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  18.  64
    Liberal Arts Education and Brain Plasticity.Richard A. Smith & John R. Leach - 2010 - Philosophy in the Contemporary World 17 (2):119-130.
    This paper addresses what some view as a progressive and decades-long devaluing of the liberal arts in our educational institutions and society at large. It draws attention to symptoms of this trend and possible contributing factors, identifies benefits commonly attributed to the liberal arts, and then shows how insights from recent research on neuroplasticity provide good reason to believe that a traditional liberal education has positive effects on a person's brain. The paper supports the thesis that well-designed liberal arts courses (...)
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  19. Coping with Ethical Uncertainty.John R. Welch - 2017 - Diametros 53:150-166.
    Most ethical decisions are conditioned by formidable uncertainty. Decision makers may lack reliable information about relevant facts, the consequences of actions, and the reactions of other people. Resources for dealing with uncertainty are available from standard forms of decision theory, but successful application to decisions under risk requires a great deal of quantitative information: point-valued probabilities of states and point-valued utilities of outcomes. When this information is not available, this paper recommends the use of a form of decision theory that (...)
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  20. Real-Life Decisions and Decision Theory.John R. Welch - 2012 - In Sabine Roeser, Handbook of Risk Theory: Epistemology, Decision Theory, Ethics, and Social Implications of Risk. Springer Science & Business Media.
    Some decisions result in cognitive consequences such as information gained and information lost. The focus of this study, however, is decisions with consequences that are partly or completely noncognitive. These decisions are typically referred to as ‘real-life decisions’. According to a common complaint, the challenges of real-life decision making cannot be met by decision theory. This complaint has at least two principal motives. One is the maximizing objection that to require agents to determine the optimal act under real-world constraints is (...)
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  21. What can nanotechnology learn from biotechnology?Lawrence Busch & John R. Lloyd - 2008 - In Kenneth H. David & Paul B. Thompson, What Can Nanotechnology Learn From Biotechnology?: Social and Ethical Lessons for Nanoscience From the Debate Over Agrifood Biotechnology and Gmos. Elsevier/Academic Press.
     
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  22.  38
    Qian Mu reads Zhuangzi: Regarding ‘there has not yet begun to be a “there has not yet begun to be nothing”’.John R. Williams - 2022 - Asian Philosophy 32 (2):164-171.
    To advance our understanding of both the Book of Zhuāngzǐ 莊子 (c. fourth to third century BCE) and Qián Mù 錢穆 (1895–1990)’s Zhuāngzǐ studies 莊學, I aim to squarely face one of the more obscure passages in the former with recourse to an explanation from the latter. The passage in question is that from the second chapter beginning with the claim ‘there is a beginning’ (有始也者) and culminating with the claim that ‘there has not yet begun to be a “there (...)
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  23.  3
    Exposure of Attack Made on Karl Marx and Marxism.Clifford Sharp & John R. Wright - 1938 - [John R. Wright?].
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  24.  63
    Emotion and Object.John R. S. Wilson - 1972 - Cambridge,: Cambridge University Press.
    A study in the philosophy of mind, centred on the problem of 'intentionality' the sense in which emotions can be said to have objects, their relation to these objects, and the implications of this relation for our understanding of human action and behaviour. Dr Wilson sets his enquiry against a broad historical background on what distinguishes man from inanimate objects by describing both Cartesian view of man is matter plus mind and the neo-Wittgensteinian view that there is a dynamic behavioural (...)
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  25.  14
    The Leadership Compass: Values and Ethics in Higher Education.John R. Wilcox & Susan L. Ebbs - 1992 - Jossey-Bass.
    Analyzes the varied discourse on values and ethics. Addresses the need for self-scrutiny and explores leadership, the professoriate, and campus culture. Also examines academic integrity, freedom of speech, and the conflict between individual rights and the needs of the academic community.
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  26. Decision theory and cognitive choice.John R. Welch - 2011 - European Journal for Philosophy of Science 1 (2):147-172.
    The focus of this study is cognitive choice: the selection of one cognitive option (a hypothesis, a theory, or an axiom, for instance) rather than another. The study proposes that cognitive choice should be based on the plausibilities of states posited by rival cognitive options and the utilities of these options' information outcomes. The proposal introduces a form of decision theory that is novel because comparative; it permits many choices among cognitive options to be based on merely comparative plausibilities and (...)
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  27. New tools for theory choice and theory diagnosis.John R. Welch - 2013 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 44 (3):318-329.
    Theory choice can be approached in at least four ways. One of these calls for the application of decision theory, and this article endorses this approach. But applying standard forms of decision theory imposes an overly demanding standard of numeric information, supposedly satisfied by point-valued utility and probability functions. To ameliorate this difficulty, a version of decision theory that requires merely comparative utilities and plausibilities is proposed. After a brief summary of this alternative, the article illustrates how comparative decision theory (...)
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  28.  6
    America's 100th Meridian: A Plains Journey.Monte Hartman, John R. Wunder & William Kittredge - 2005 - Texas Tech University Press.
    "Large-format photo study and narratives record journeys along the 100th Meridian from the Canadian to the Mexican borders. Explores life and communities along the vertical line that denotes the nation's geographic center and the shift in annual rainfallto less than twenty inches per year"--Provided by publisher.
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  29.  38
    Methods in psychology; a critical case study of Pavlov.John R. Wettersten - 1974 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 4 (1):17-34.
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  30.  26
    Using the Survive principle for deriving coordinate (a) symmetries.John R. te Velde - 2009 - In Michael T. Putnam, Towards a Derivational Syntax: Survive-Minimalism. John Benjamins Pub. Company.
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  31. Reconstructing Aristotle: The practical syllogism.John R. Welch - 1991 - Philosophia 21 (1-2):69-88.
    This article tackles a number of puzzles related to Aristotle’s practical syllogism, notably the relationship between deliberation and the practical syllogism, the distinction between deliberative and reconstructive practical syllogisms, and the nature of the conclusion of the practical syllogism.
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  32.  20
    The choice of problems and the limits of reason.John R. Wettersten & Joseph Agassi - 1987 - In Joseph Agassi & I. C. Jarvie, Rationality: the critical view. Hingham, MA, USA: Distributors for the U.S. and Canada, Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 281--296.
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  33.  42
    Rebooting the new evidence scholarship.John R. Welch - 2020 - International Journal of Evidence and Proof 24 (4):351-373.
    The new evidence scholarship addresses three distinct approaches: legal probabilism, Bayesian decision theory and relative plausibility theory. Each has major insights to offer, but none seems satisfactory as it stands. This paper proposes that relative plausibility theory be modified in two substantial ways. The first is by defining its key concept of plausibility, hitherto treated as primitive, by generalising the standard axioms of probability. The second is by complementing the descriptive component of the theory with a normative decision theory adapted (...)
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  34.  59
    “Ought” implies “can”, or, the moral relevance of a theory of the firm.John R. Danley - 1988 - Journal of Business Ethics 7 (1-2):23 - 28.
    Since ought implies can, i.e., one cannot be obligated to do what one cannot do, the question of corporate responsibility cannot be discussed intelligibly without an inquiry into the range of corporate or managerial discretion. Hence, the moral relevance of a theory of the firm. Within classical or neo-classical economic theory, for instance, firms which act other than to maximize profit are eliminated. They cannot do otherwise, and thus either have no obligations at all or only the duty to maximize (...)
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  35. Llull and Leibniz: The Logic of Discovery.John R. Welch - 1990 - Catalan Review 4:75-83.
    Llull and Leibniz both subscribed to conceptual atomism: the belief that the majority of concepts are compounds constructed from a relatively small number of primitive concepts. Llull worked out techniques for finding the logically possible combinations of his primitives, but Leibniz criticized Llull’s execution of these techniques. This article argues that Leibniz was right about things being more complicated than Llull thought but that he was wrong about the details. The paper attempts to correct these details.
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  36. Cleansing the Doors of Perception: Aristotle on Induction.John R. Welch - 2001 - In Konstantine Boudouris, Greek Philosophy and Epistemology. International Association for Greek Philosophy.
    This chapter has two objectives. The first is to clarify Aristotle’s view of the first principles of the sciences. The second is to stake out a critical position with respect to this view. The paper sketches an alternative to Aristotle’s intuitionism based in part on the use of quantitative inductive logics.
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  37.  9
    A Note Concerning the Relationship between “Butcher Ding” and “Nourishing Life” in the Traditional Zhuangzi Commentaries.John R. Williams - 2024 - Early China 46.
    The present discussion aims to help corroborate recent claims that the link between nourishing life 養生 and the Butcher Ding 庖丁 vignette from chapter 3 of the Zhuangzi 莊子 (c. fourth to third century bce) might be taken seriously, while at the same time falsifying recent claims that it is nonetheless uncommon for the connection to be taken seriously. This is achieved by supplying several pieces of textual evidence from leading figures from throughout the history of Zhuangzi studies who all (...)
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  38.  73
    Psychology and Theodicy in Aquinas.John R. Bowlin - 1998 - Medieval Philosophy & Theology 7 (2):129-156.
    Throughout much of this century the most prominent exegetes maintained that Aquinas’s mature moral psychology is fundamentally voluntarist, that he considers the will an independent cause of action, most conspicuously in his later works. Disagreement over the character of the will’s causal authority and the composition of the list of later works did little to unsettle their shared conviction that Aristotle’s intellectualist moral psychology was improved, indeed saved, by Aquinas’s insistence that the will can move itself, at least in some (...)
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  39.  62
    Doctrinal Development and the Philosophy of History.John R. White - 2009 - American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 83 (2):201-218.
    The following paper has two primary purposes. First it aims to articulate a theoretical proposition in general terms, namely, that every theory of doctrinal development presupposes a philosophy of history. The underlying significance of this proposition is that theories of doctrinal development are simultaneously narratives of the historical significance of the church’s pilgrimage through history, though that fact typically remains implicit in theories of doctrinal development. The second purpose is to illustrate the general proposition by analyzing a particularcase. I have (...)
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  40. Science and ethics: Toward a theory of ethical value.John R. Welch - 1994 - Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 25 (2):279 - 292.
    This article sketches descriptive and normative components of a theory of ethical value. The normative component, which receives the lion’s share of attention, is developed by adapting Laudan’s levels of scientific discourse. The resulting levels of ethical discourse can be critically addressed through the use of inductive inference, falsification, and causal inference. These techniques are likewise appropriate to the corresponding levels of scientific discourse.
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  41. Birch trees: Verse.John R. Moreland - 1922 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 3 (2):120.
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  42. Two Types of Moral Dilemma.John R. Welch - 2001 - In Matti Häyry & Tuija Takala, The Future of Value Inquiry. Rodopi.
    This chapter identifies two types of moral dilemma. The first type is described as ethical clash: whether affirmative action is just or unjust, for example, or whether withholding information from an inquisitive relative is honest or dishonest. In these cases the dilemma takes the form of conflict between an ethical predicate and its complement. The second type of moral dilemma is ethical overlap. Instead of a clash between a single predicate and its complement, here two or more predicates apply. Dilemmas (...)
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  43.  44
    Rationality, problems choice.John R. Wettersten & Joseph Agassi - 1978 - Philosophica 22.
  44. Robert Nozick and the libertarian paradox.John R. Danley - 1979 - Mind 88 (351):419-423.
  45.  28
    Commissions and biomedical ethics: The canadian experience.John R. Williams - 1989 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 14 (4):425-444.
    Canadians frequently have recourse to public commissions as a means of dealing with contentious public policy issues. This essay examines the role of philosophers and philosophy in nine such commissions, all of which have dealt with issues in biomedical ethics. The principal findings of this essay are that philosophers have not been used extensively by these commissions, and that the philosophical aspects of the issues under investigation have been dealt with quite inadequately. The essay concludes with suggestions for an expanded (...)
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  46. When suffering is unbearable: Physicians, assisted suicide, and euthanasia.John R. Williams - 1991 - Journal of Palliative Care 7 (2).
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  47.  35
    An examination of the fundamental assumption of hypothetical process arguments.John R. Danley - 1978 - Philosophical Studies 34 (2):187 - 195.
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  48.  31
    Contracts, Conquerors, and Conquests.John R. Danley - 1979 - Southwestern Journal of Philosophy 10 (1):171-177.
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  49.  48
    A reconsideration of Britain as commercial hegemon in the nineteenth century.John R. Davis - 1997 - Synthese 113 (2):195-203.
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  50.  81
    Transcendental Method in Theology and the Normativity of Human Experience.John R. Sachs - 1992 - Philosophy and Theology 7 (2):213-225.
    Transcendental theology is, as a return to the subject, an attempt to take experience seriously, because transcendental method explores the full range of the conditions of the possibility of experience. For Rahner, transcendental theology is theological anthropology. This study explores his method also in relation to transcendental experience of God.
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